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Author: Sidra Nazir Introduction: The Driving Force of Chemical Reactions Have you ever wondered why some chemical reactions occur spontaneously while others require external energy? The answer lies in Gibbs…
Author: Sidra Nazir Understanding the Fundamental Laws of Energy The laws of thermodynamics are the cornerstone of physics, governing the behavior of energy, heat, and work. These laws explain everything…
Author: Fania Rashid Thermodynamics is a fundamental branch of science that governs the behavior of energy transfer and transformation. From the engines that power our vehicles to the way our…